from the editor
Overnight orthokeratology induces irregular corneal astigmatism
Thomas Kohnen, MD

letters
Cilium as a foreign body

erratum

consultation section
refractive surgical problem, edited by Thomas Kohnen, MD
A 31-year-old woman had bilateral LASIK 10 months ago. Since the fifth week, she has reported a progressive loss of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity as well as increasing glare and halos.
Mihai Pop, MD, Emanuel S. Rosen, FRCSE, Michael C. Knorz, MD

techniques
Transscleral suture technique for fixation of a dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lens
Quan-Hong Han, MD, Lin Wang, MD, Yan-Nian Hui, MD

Suture fixation technique for posterior chamber intraocular lenses
Chang-Ping Lin, MD, PhD, Han-Yi Tseng, MD

articles
Laser in situ keratomileusis versus laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for the correction of high myopia
Jin Kook Kim, MD, Sung Soo Kim, MD, Hyung Keun Lee, MD, In Sik Lee, MD, Gong Je Seong, MD, Eung Kweon Kim, MD, Sueng Han Han, MD
Both LASIK and LASEK safely and effectively treated eyes with high myopia. Visual predictability and corneal opacity were better after LASIK.

Phacoemulsification after retinal detachment surgery
Chizuka Igarashi, MD, Hideyuki Hayashi, MD, Ken Hayashi, MD
The rate of recurrent retinal detachment after phacoemulsification in eyes that previously had RD surgery was low and similar to that of new RD in fellow eyes that had not had previous RD surgery.

Corneal aberrations after astigmatic keratotomy combined with laser in situ keratomileusis  
Robert Montés-Micó, OD, MPhil, Gonzalo Muñoz, MD, PhD, César Albarrán-Diego, OD, Antonio Rodríguez-Galietero, MD, PhD, Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Increases in higher-order corneal aberrations were found after AK combined with LASIK for the correction of high myopic astigmatism.

Quantitative evaluation of regular and irregular corneal astigmatism in patients having overnight orthokeratology  
Takahiro Hiraoka, MD, Airi Furuya, MD, Yujiro Matsumoto, MD, Fumiki Okamoto, MD, Norishige Sakata, MD, Kentaro Hiratsuka, MD, Tetsuhiko Kakita, MD, Tetsuro Oshika, MD
Corneal irregular astigmatism significantly increased even in clinically successful orthokeratology cases. The effect of these changes on visual function should be studied.

Intraocular lens power calculation after incisional and thermal keratorefractive surgery
Mark Packer, MD, Laurie K. Brown, COMT, COE, Richard S. Hoffman, MD, I. Howard Fine, MD
In eyes with a history of incisional or thermal keratorefractive surgery, the use of the corneal effective refractive power increased the predictability of the refractive outcome.

Accommodation measurements in a prepresbyopic and presbyopic population  
Lisa A. Ostrin, Adrian Glasser, PhD
In a comparison of subjective and objective measurement of accommodation in prepresbyopic and presbyopic populations, subjective tests resulted in accommodative amplitudes up to 4.0 D greater than those measured with objective tests.

Evaluation of a satisfied bilateral scleral expansion band patient
Lisa A. Ostrin, Sanjeev Kasthurirangan, Adrian Glasser, PhD
Accommodation, near reading ability, corneal topography, and ocular aberrations assessed by subjective and objective techniques in 1 scleral expansion band patient yielded measurements within the range of that in normal controls.

Correction of presbyopia with refractive multifocal phakic intraocular lenses
Georges Baïkoff, MD, Gustavo Matach, MD, Aline Fontaine, Caroline Ferraz, MD, Claudio Spera, MD
Functional and anatomical results indicate that implantation of a foldable multifocal anterior chamber phakic IOL is a reliable alternative to correct presbyopia.

Secondary procedures after presbyopic lens exchange
Antonio Leccisotti, MD, PhD
Presbyopic lens exchange in emmetropia and low hyperopia was associated with a high percentage of secondary procedures.

Stereopsis in bilaterally pseudophakic patients  
Ken Hayashi, MD, Hideyuki Hayashi, MD
The principal risk factor for impaired stereoacuity after bilateral cataract surgery was a greater difference in spherical equivalent between fellow eyes, followed by older age, indicating the need for an accurate preoperative IOL power calculation.

Bitoric laser in situ keratomileusis for astigmatism
César Albarrán-Diego, OD, Gonzalo Muñoz, MD, PhD, Robert Montés-Micó, OD, MPhil, Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Bitoric LASIK was a safe, effective, and predictable procedure for mixed astigmatism.

Cataract surgery and consent: Recall, anxiety, and attitude toward trainee surgeons preoperatively and postoperatively
James H. Vallance, MRCOphth, Mehra Ahmed, Baljean Dhillon, FRCS, FRCOphth
Patient recall of information on cataract surgery was poor immediately after consent and deteriorated postoperatively. Patients better accepted the need to train surgeons if they recalled this topic being explicitly discussed during the consent procedure.

Cataract surgery with the AlphaCor artificial cornea
Hiroshi Eguchi, MD, Celia R. Hicks, FRCOphth, Geoffrey J. Crawford, FRACO, Donald T. Tan, FRCOphth, Gerard R. Sutton, FRACO
Cataract surgery combined with implantation of an AlphaCor keratoprosthesis was associated with postoperative corneal stromal melting attributed to retained soft lens matter, causing inflammation.

Neodymium:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy after implantation of AcrySof intraocular lenses
James A. Davison, MD
The Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy rate in patients with an AcrySof IOL was 1% to 2% per year cumulative after 7 years of follow-up.

Retinal thickness measurement after phacoemulsification
Kenneth L. Cohen, MD, Sheel B. Patel, MD, Neepa Ray, MS
Although retinal thickness analyzer measurement of macular thickness before and after routine phacoemulsification was useful, the surgeon must interpret the measurements in a clinical context.

Milling trabeculoplasty for nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery
José L. Rodríguez-Prats, MD, Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD, Ahmed Galal, MD, MSc
Milling trabeculoplasty as an alternative to deep sclerectomy offered excellent access to the trabeculo-Descemet’s membrane and was faster and easier to perform than conventional nonpenetrating glaucoma surgery.

Relationship between anterior capsule contraction and posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes mellitus
Yoshie Hayashi, MD, Satoshi Kato, MD, Harumi Fukushima, MD, Jiro Numaga, MD, Tadayoshi Kaiya, MD, Yasuhiro Tamaki, MD, Tetsuro Oshika, MD
A 1-year prospective study indicated that contraction of the anterior capsule opening does not parallel the development of PCO in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Comparison of ablation centration in initial and retreatment active eye-tracker-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis and the effect on visual outcome
Yi-Yu Tsai, MD, Sung-Huei Tseng, MD, Jane-Ming Lin, MD
With an active eye-tracking system, the retreatment center was close to the pupil center and the primary ablation center, but the relationship between the 2 ablation centers did not influence the BCVA after retreatment.

laboratory science
Biomechanical changes in the anterior lens capsule after trypan blue staining  
Gregor Wollensak, MD, Eberhard Spörl, PhD, Duy-Thoai Pham, MD
Biomechanical testing of trypan blue–stained porcine anterior capsule specimens showed a significant increase in elastic stiffness and a decrease in ultimate extensibility caused by photosensitized crosslinking.

Analysis of stray-light effects related to intraocular lens edge design
Alessandro Franchini, MD, Barbara Zamma Gallarati, MD, Eleonora Vaccari, MD
A ray-tracing system showed that frosting the edge of a squared-edged IOL has little impact on the maximum intensity of the ghost, determined by the reflection of light on the edge.

Pathological evaluation of postmortem human eyes implanted with a new single-piece hydrophobic acrylic lens
Andrea M. Izak, MD, Liliana Werner, MD, PhD, Suresh K. Pandey, MD, David J. Apple, MD
Pathological findings in 14 human cadaver eyes with a single-piece AcrySof posterior chamber IOL revealed minimal capsular bag opacification and precise in-the-bag IOL fixation.

Effect of alcohol on the efficacy of excimer laser power
Arthur C.K. Cheng, MRCS, Ricky W.K. Law, FRCS, Alvin L.M. Young, FRCS, Geoffrey C.P. Chu, Dennis S.C. Lam, FRCS, FRCOphth
Sodium hypochlorite 0.06% and ethanol 20% and 40% did not significantly affect excimer laser fluency, but ethanol 60% and 80% significantly reduced excimer laser fluency for more than 15 minutes.

Birefringence of intraocular lenses
Masahiro Miura, MD, Masahiro Osako, MD, Ann E. Elsner, PhD, Hiroyuki Kajizuka, Kunio Yamada, MD, Masahiko Usui, MD
The birefringence of the 824C PMMA IOL could be a source of error during polarization measurements of the fundus or with instruments that transmit polarized light through the IOL.

special reports
Refractive Surgery Survey 2003
Kerry D. Solomon, MD, Luis E. Fernández de Castro, MD, Helga P. Sandoval, MD, Luanna R. Bartholomew, PhD, David T. Vroman, MD

case reports
Posterior capsule tear caused by misalignment within a silicone irrigation/aspiration tip
Marcílio G. Barros, MD, Robert H. Osher, MD

Ptosis after laser in situ keratomileusis
Arthur C.K. Cheng, MRCS, Alvin L. Young, FRCS, Ricky W.K. Law, FRCS, Dennis S.C. Lam, FRCS, FRCOphth

Anterior stromal puncture in Brown-McLean syndrome
Elisabeth N. Martins, MD, Lênio S. Alvarenga, MD, Luciene B. Sousa, MD, Vagner T. Orlando Filho, MD, José Álvaro P. Gomes, MD, Denise de Freitas, MD

Implantation of an Artisan phakic intraocular lens for the correction of high myopia after penetrating keratoplasty
Majid Moshirfar, MD, Charles A. Barsam, MD, Jared W. Parker

Decompression retinopathy after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in a patient with congenital aniridia and pseudophakia
Ilgaz Sagdic Yalvac, MD, Hulya Kocaoglan, MD, Umit Eksioglu, MD, Necati Demir, MD, Sunay Duman, MD

Calcified cataractous lens
Shang-Yi Chiang, MD, Chi-Ting Horng, MD, Wei-Hua Lee, MD, PhD, Cheng-Jong Chang, MD, PhD

Evaluation of calcification of a hydrogel intraocular lens by optical coherence tomography
Shin Hatou, MD, Makoto Inoue, MD, Daijiro Kurosaka, MD, Yudi Richard Hida, MD, Kei Shinoda, MD, Yoshihisa Oguchi, MD

Bilateral late posterior chamber intraocular lens dislocation with the capsular bag in a patient with gyrate atrophy
Ekaterini Tsilou, MD, Benjamin I. Rubin, MD, Fabian A. Abraham, MD, Muriel Kaiser-Kupfer, MD

correspondence

Cosmetic extraocular implant
Gerrit R.J. Melles, MD, PhD, Bob Ververs, MD, Jan Willem van der Linden, OD, FAAO

Anterior polar cataract as a cause of monocular diplopia
Valéria Nagy, MD, László Módis, MD, PhD, Katalin Kertész, MD, Péter Vámosi, MD, PhD, Erzsébet Balázs, MD, PhD, András Berta MD, PhD, DSc

Phacoemulsification—deep sclerotomy converted to phacotrabeculectomy
Gema Rebolleda, MD, PhD, Francisco J. Muñoz-Negrete, MD, PhD

Optical Quality Analysis System: instrument for objective clinical evaluation of ocular optical quality
José L. Güell, MD, PhD, Jaume Pujol, PhD, Monteserrat Arjona, PhD, Fernando Diaz-Douton, PhD, Pablo Artal, PhD

information for authors

assignment of copyright form

Continuing Medical Education
CME Coordinator: David E. Silverstone, MD

Ophthalmologists who read the Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery can now earn 5 CME credits in Category 1 of the Physician's Recognition Award of the American Medical Association. Questions have been developed for 5 articles in this issue, marked with a symbol () in the table of contents. Detailed instructions and a copy of the CME quiz can be obtained from the ASCRS web site (http://www.ascrs.org) or ASCRS Fax-on-Demand (732-578-4472).

The American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. ASCRS takes responsibility for the content, quality, and scientific integrity of this CME activity.

The American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery designates this educational activity for a maximum of 5 category 1 credits toward the AMA Physician’s Recognition Award. Each physician should claim only those credits that he/she actually spent in the activity.